Fireworks vs Pyrotechnics: What’s the Difference and When to Use Each?

Fireworks and pyrotechnics might look similar from the audience’s perspective—but behind the scenes, they serve very different purposes. Whether you're planning an event, curious about how stage shows work, or just love a good explosion, this guide breaks down everything you need to know: from how each works to where and when they’re used.

But first a quick summary:

• Fireworks are typically consumer-grade, used in public celebrations.

• Pyrotechnics are professionally controlled effects for film, theatre, and concerts.

• Both use chemical reactions, but pyrotechnics are more precise and regulated.

Learn the key differences, types, and science behind each below.

What Are Fireworks and How Do They Work?

Fireworks are explosive devices which are used primarily for entertainment.

They're designed to produce a visual and auditory spectacle, often involving bright lights, colours, and loud bangs. They're most commonly used during personal celebrations and holidays like Bonfire Night, New Year's Eve, and national celebrations. Put simply, fireworks are a staple in festive events around the world.

Types of Fireworks: From Rockets to Roman Candles

Fireworks come in all sorts of varieties with each one designed to produce different effects. Here are some of the most popular types you'll find for sale:

Rockets: These are launched into the sky and explode at a certain height, creating colourful patterns. Rockets are known for their high ascent and the dramatic burst of light and sound.

Fountains: Ground-based fireworks that emit sparks and flames upwards, creating a fountain-like effect. Fountains are ideal for adding a steady stream of sparks and light to a display, often with varying colours and crackling sounds.

Sparklers: Handheld fireworks that burn slowly while emitting bright, sparkling light. Sparklers are a favourite at weddings, parties, and other celebrations, offering a safe way to enjoy fireworks up close.

Roman Candles: Tubes that shoot out stars or exploding shells at regular intervals. Roman candles provide a rhythmic and continuous display of light and colour, often used to create a layered effect in a fireworks show.

Barrages: Also known as cake fireworks, these consist of multiple tubes bundled together, firing a sequence of shots in rapid succession. Barrages can create a variety of effects, from colourful bursts to loud bangs, making them a staple in larger displays.

Mines: Ground-based fireworks that shoot multiple effects into the air simultaneously, creating a dramatic and expansive burst at a lower altitude. Mines are often used to start a display with a bang or to fill the sky with a broad spread of colour and light.

Catherine Wheels: These are fireworks that spin rapidly when ignited, creating a circular display of sparks and flames. Often mounted on a post or tree, Catherine wheels add a unique and dynamic element to any fireworks show.

Each type of firework brings its own unique element to a display, allowing you to create a diverse and captivating show for your audience.

What Are Pyrotechnics and How Are They Used?

Pyrotechnics, on the other hand, refer to the controlled use of explosive materials for various purposes beyond entertainment.

While they include fireworks, pyrotechnics are also widely used in professional settings such as concerts, theatre productions, and film special effects.

Pyrotechnics can create effects like flashes, smoke, and controlled explosions to enhance performances and create immersive experiences.

Types of Pyrotechnic Effects for Stage, Film and Events

Pyrotechnics include a wide range of controlled explosive effects used in various professional settings, from concerts and theatre productions to films and sports events. Here are some of the most common types:

Stage Pyrotechnics: Used in live performances and concerts, these pyrotechnics create dramatic effects such as bursts of flame, sparks, and smoke. They're carefully controlled to ensure the safety of performers and the audience while adding excitement and visual impact to the show.

Special Effects Pyrotechnics: Employed in movies, TV shows, and theatrical productions, these pyrotechnics simulate explosions, gunfire, and other action scenes. Special effects pyrotechnics are crucial for creating realistic and immersive experiences on screen and stage.

Smoke Effects: Used in theatre, film, and military training, smoke effects create dense clouds of smoke that can enhance the atmosphere, obscure vision, or simulate environmental conditions. Smoke effects are often used to add a sense of mystery or drama.

Confetti Cannons: Popular at concerts, sporting events, and celebrations, confetti cannons launch a shower of confetti into the air, creating a festive and energetic atmosphere. They can be used to mark special moments, such as the end of a performance or a victory celebration.

Flash Pots: These devices produce a quick, bright flash of light and a loud bang, often used in concerts and stage shows to punctuate dramatic moments or musical climaxes. Flash pots add an element of surprise and excitement.

Flame Projectors: These pyrotechnic devices shoot controlled bursts of flame into the air, creating a spectacular visual effect. Flame projectors are commonly used in music concerts, theatrical productions, and outdoor events to add heat and intensity.

Cold Pyrotechnics: Also known as low-smoke or non-pyrotechnic effects, these are designed to produce minimal heat and smoke, making them safer for indoor use. Cold pyrotechnics are ideal for creating stunning visual effects in enclosed spaces without the risks associated with traditional pyrotechnics.

Waterfall Effects: These pyrotechnics create a cascade of sparks that fall like a waterfall, often used in stage shows and outdoor events. The cascading sparks create a beautiful and mesmerising effect that captivates audiences.

Each type of pyrotechnic effect brings its own unique element to a performance or event, enhancing the overall experience. Whether used for dramatic impact, atmospheric enhancement, or festive celebration, pyrotechnics play a crucial role in modern entertainment.

Fireworks vs Pyrotechnics: Side-by-Side Comparison

Purpose and Application:

• Fireworks: Primarily used for entertainment during public and private celebrations.
• Pyrotechnics: Used in a variety of professional contexts, including entertainment and special effects.

Setting and Environment:

• Fireworks: Typically used outdoors due to their large explosions and the space required for safety.
• Pyrotechnics: Can be used both indoors and outdoors, often in controlled environments where safety measures are in place.

Complexity and Control:

• Fireworks: Generally simpler and less controlled, with the aim of creating a large, unpredictable display.
• Pyrotechnics: Highly controlled and precise, designed to achieve specific effects safely and consistently.

Regulations and Safety Considerations:

• Fireworks: Subject to regulations concerning their sale, possession, and use to ensure public safety.
• Pyrotechnics: Require professional handling and are subject to stricter regulations due to their complexity and potential hazards.

The Similarities Between Fireworks and Pyrotechnics

Despite their differences, fireworks and pyrotechnics share some common ground:

Both rely on the combustion of chemical compounds to produce light, heat, and sound. They're both designed to create stunning visual displays and impactful sounds. And they both require careful handling and adherence to safety guidelines to prevent accidents.

The Science Behind Fireworks and Pyrotechnics

The spectacular effects seen in fireworks and pyrotechnics are the result of precise chemical reactions. The key to these effects lies in the combination of fuel, oxidiser, and various chemical compounds that produce different colours and sounds when ignited.

Chemical Compositions and Reactions:

• Colours: Produced by different metallic salts. For example, strontium salts create red, barium salts create green, and copper compounds produce blue.
• Explosions: Created by the rapid oxidation of the fuel, resulting in the release of gases and heat.

Innovations and Advancements:

• Modern fireworks and pyrotechnics benefit from advancements in chemistry and materials science, allowing for more vibrant colours, longer-lasting effects, and safer handling.

Frequently Asked Questions

Q: What are pyrotechnics used for besides fireworks?
A: Pyrotechnics are used in professional settings such as concerts, films, theatrical performances, military simulations, and live sports events. They create controlled visual effects like flame bursts, smoke clouds, or flashes to enhance the audience experience or simulate real-world conditions.

Q: Are pyrotechnics safer than fireworks?
A: Pyrotechnics are generally considered safer than consumer fireworks when handled by trained professionals. They’re designed for use in controlled environments with strict safety measures in place. However, they still involve combustible materials and must be handled with care.

Q: Can pyrotechnics be used indoors?
A: Yes, certain types of pyrotechnics—like cold pyrotechnics and low-smoke effects—are specifically made for indoor use. These produce minimal heat and residue, making them safer for venues like theatres, arenas, and enclosed stages.

Q: What are examples of pyrotechnics in concerts?
A: Concert pyrotechnics can include flame projectors, spark fountains, smoke effects, flash pots, and confetti cannons. These effects are timed to music and lighting to boost the drama and energy of live performances.

Q: Can I buy pyrotechnics for personal use?
A: In most countries, pyrotechnics are classified as professional-use only and require special training or licensing. Unlike consumer fireworks, they’re not sold to the general public due to safety and regulatory concerns.

Q: What makes fireworks colourful?
A: The colours in fireworks come from metal salts — for example, strontium for red, barium for green, and copper for blue. These chemicals burn at different temperatures and produce specific colours during combustion.

Q: Are pyrotechnics louder than fireworks?
A: Not necessarily. Fireworks are often louder due to their explosive design for crowd impact. Pyrotechnics can include loud effects but are typically more controlled and purpose-built for specific sound levels, especially for indoor or theatrical use.

Q: What’s the difference between cold pyrotechnics and traditional fireworks?
A: Cold pyrotechnics produce spectacular visual effects with minimal heat and smoke, making them safe for indoor or close-proximity use. Traditional fireworks are hotter, louder, and meant for open-air environments.

In Conclusion

Fireworks and pyrotechnics, while often confused, serve distinct purposes and are used in different contexts. Fireworks are primarily for entertainment during public and private celebrations, whereas pyrotechnics are used in a variety of professional settings to create controlled and precise effects.

Understanding these differences can enhance your appreciation for both and highlight the incredible artistry and science involved in their creation.

Add Some Firework Fun To Your Next Celebration

Here at Epic Fireworks, we offer the UK's biggest range range of fireworks all at unbeatable prices. Whether you're planning a small garden show or have something bigger in mind, explore our selection of fountains, sparklers, rockets, barrages, mines, roman candles, loud fireworks, quiet fireworks and more.

Plus, our ready-made DIY packs come with a comprehensive firing guide, making it easy to put on a spectacular, professional-level display with minimal fuss.